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No. 27/2018 (Sept. 10, 2018)
The smallest transistor created in Germany.
In Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), physicist professor Thomas Schimmel and his team have developed the smallest single-atom transistor in the world. It is based on a completely new technical approach. The circuit consists only of metal, there are no semiconductors in it. In their scientific work, researchers from KIT presented the transistor that reaches the practical limits of miniaturization. They have created two metallic contacts between which there is a gap of the size of a single atom. By means of an electric control pulse, a silver atom placed in the gap closes the electric circuit. When the silver atom is removed, the circuit is interrupted. Unlike conventional components of quantum electronics, the one-atom transistor is not only effective at extremely low temperatures close to the absolute zero, i.e. -273°C, but already at room temperature, which opens up completely new perspectives for information technology.
The single-atom transistor working in a gel electrolyte
(source: www.kit.edu)
(source: www.kit.edu)
One-atomic transistors previously built at the Institute of Technology in Karlsruhe used liquid electrolyte. Now Thomas Schimmel and his team have developed such transistor working in a solid-electrolyte. The gel electrolyte produced by the gelation of an aqueous silver electrolyte with pyrogenic silicon dioxide combines the advantages of a solid with the electrochemical properties of a liquid.
In the future, one-atom transistors have a chance to significantly improve energy efficiency in information technology. The avalanche digitization of all areas of life on Earth is combined with the growing use of energy. In industrialized countries, the energy used by broadly defined electronics and data exchange systems currently accounts for over 10% of total energy consumption. Transistors are the central element of digital data processing in data centers, PCs, smartphones or embedded systems in any applications, from a washing machine to aircraft.
DIPOL at ENERGETAB 2018 trade fair.
The 31st International Power Industry Fair held in Bielsko-Biala, Poland, received applications from 706 exhibitors from over ten European and Asian countries. In Poland, it will be the largest meeting of producers and importers of equipment used in the power industry and related sectors. DIPOL, a supplier of a wide range of low-voltage, wireless, and fiber optic solutions has been presenting its offer at the fair already for many years. At Energetab 2018, DIPOL will present a number of new products for a wide variety of customers. These will be both new devices and system solutions.
Some components of our offer at the fair:
- Wireless transmitters of HDMI signal
- Innovative assemblage system RACK board in 19" cabinets
- Various methods of injecting CCTV video to TV systems
- License Plate Recognition solutions
- Analog video monitoring with resolution up to 8 MP
- Signal Fire AI-8 fusion splicer
- New NETSET twisted-pair cables
More info on our stand, products and solutions is available in this article.
How to delete the assignment in Hik-connect?
Communication with monitoring devices via P2P networks has become very popular due to the ease of configuration and the lack of the requirement for an external IP addresses. So far, the inconvenience was the permanent binding of the device with the P2P account in the Hik-Connect service. Adding a device already associated with a Hik-Connect account to anew account required contacting the producer in order to "manually" delete the old assignment. Starting from version 3.5.0 of the Hik-Connect application, you can unbind it yourself. When you try to add the device again, a menu appears displaying the option to delete the previous registration. You have to fulfill these requirement:- the device to unbind and the smartphone with the Hik-Connect application must be in the same local network,
- you must enter the administrator password and device verification key.
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Unbinding a device in Hik-Connect application
IPTV receiver in TV systems.
Thanks to television distribution technology based on IP, the cabling in a building can be limited only to UTP/FTP cable. In addition to low cost of such cabling, the users get access to additional interactive features, and the programming can be adapted to their specific requirements. The IP streams can be received and decoded with television with built-in IP receivers, or with IPTV receivers, e.g. IF-442HD IPTV R81612. Users can also use free audio-video player, e.g. VLC.
IF-442HD R81612 IPTV receiver is used for reception/decoding of television signals distributed in broadband IP networks, based on IP protocol (SDP/SAP, IP, IGMP, RTSP, ICMP, UDP, TCP, DHCP, TFTP, DNS, HTTP)
An example of long-range IPTV system based on mix-440 R81611 receiver/transmodulator of IP stream
Electric strikes for access control.
DIPOL has introduced a range of Bira electric strikes dedicated for use with video door phones. The electric strikes have different construction and adjusting options, vary in supply voltage and additional functions. Depending on the application requirements, the installer can choose a model with the appropriate functionality. For example, if the entrance to a building would require opening two gates/doors, the first one can be equipped with a standard electric strike, e.g. S12U G74220, while the second with a strike with self-sustaining feature (hold-open function), e.g. S12UP G74221. When the electric door strikes are controlled in parallel, the first door will be opened for the time of the voltage supply, while the second will be opened until the release of the electric strike. Thanks to this, it is enough to install only one gate/door station, located at the first gate/door.
Electric Door Strike Bira HARTTE S12UP (symmetrical, 12V AC/DC, self-sustaining) G74221
A short characteristics of the currently available Bira electric strikes:
- EL1-001 G74201 - asymmetrical , steel keeper/latch, 12 VAC
- EL1-005 G74209 - asymmetrical , steel keeper/latch, 12 VDC
- ES1-001 G74210 - symmetrical , adjustable steel keeper/latch, 12V AC/DC,
- S12U G74220 - symmetrical , adjustable galvanized Zn-Al keeper/latch, 12V AC/DC
- S12UP G74221 - symmetrical , adjustable galvanized Zn-Al keeper/latch, self-sustaining, 12V AC/DC
- S12UW G74223 - symmetrical , adjustable galvanized Zn-Al keeper/latch, mechanical release, 12 V AC/DC
Configuration tool for RACK cabinets.
Increasingly, home LAN, TV, CCTV devices are compliant with RACK system and are mounted in such cabinets which ensure esthetic look and protection against accidental mechanical damage. Standard RACK cabinets are intended for mounting devices with housings made in 19" standard.When choosing accessories for rack cabinets, the user should pay attention to their compatibility with the specific models of the cabinets. Some components may be dedicated to other models, e.g. with greater depth or with a different way of mounting the accessory (e.g. a fan).
DIPOL e-Store offers a simple mechanism that provides a list of compatible accessories for a selected RACK cabinet. Simply, in the lower part of the catalog page of the RACK cabinet click on this button:
The new window shows the list of compatible accessories.
Elements of optical fiber structure for trouble-free splicing operations.
Knowledge of the construction of optical fibers is absolutely necessary in order to perform any joining operations. Novice installers who have not even completed basic fiber-optic training in this field have problems resulting from the lack of knowledge. Unfortunately, the problems connected with improper positioning of fiber ends in the holders of fusion splicers or with wrong preparation and mounting of the ends in mechanical splices are often the cause of failures.
Standardized construction of optical fibers
The above figure shows the standardized construction of optical fibers. In the middle there is a core made of silica glass, often doped with various materials. The core transmits the light signal (the "mode" in the case of a single-mode fiber with typical core diameter of 9 μm, or many modes in the case of a multimode fiber with core diameter of 50 μm). The next layers are normally identical in the both kinds of fibers, i.e. the glass cladding with diameter of 125 μm and acrylic buffer with a diameter of 250 μm. Fibers used in pigtails and in some other cables (e.g. in easy access cable L7812) have additional protective coating (called secondary buffer or jacket) with a diameter of 900 μm.
Irrespective of the splicing method, before this operation any fiber end has to be properly prepared by removing all layers above the 125 μm cladding. For most fiber-optic fibers, it can be done in one step, just by stripping the acrylic layer of 250 μm diameter. In the case of pigtails, it is necessary to make it in two steps - to remove the 900 μm and then the 250 μm coating. After the operation(s) the fiber end has to be cleaned and cleft.
A comparison of 2 pigtails with the same fiber structures,
but different colors of the 250 μm buffer.
To perform splicing operations,
in each case the installer has to remove the buffer layer.
but different colors of the 250 μm buffer.
To perform splicing operations,
in each case the installer has to remove the buffer layer.
The above picture shows the cause of the most common problems associated with the splicing of pigtails. All pigtails have 900 μm jackets, which may be yellow (single-mode pigtails) or orange (multimode pigtails). The acrylic coating underneath with a diameter of 250 μm can be colored or colorless. Some installers mistakenly regard the colorless buffer as the 125 μm cladding and do not remove it before the splicing process. Such negligence is the reason for many problems with joining fibers and makes it impossible to do it correctly.
 | HD-TVI TURBO HD 4.0 DVR: Hikvision DS-7332HQHI-K4 M75622 is a 32-channel CCTV DVR capable of recording surveillance video provided in HD-TVI, HD-CVI, AHD, CVBS and IP standards. The 32 channels can record images from 4 MP Lite (1280 x 1440), 1080p or 720p cameras at 15 fps. In the case of channels 1, 2, 3 and 4, the maximum recording resolution is 3 MP @ 15 fps. For VGA / WD1 / 4CIF / CIF resolutions, the maximum frame rate is 25 fps. Additionally, the DVR can support up to 8 IP cameras (after switching off analog channels, the number of IP channels can be extended up to 40). | |
 | Electric Door Strike: Bira EL1-001 (12VAC) G74201, from EL1 series is used for remote opening of metal, wooden and plastic doors, wickets, or cabinets, through cable connection from access control systems: intercoms, (video) door phones, card readers, etc. The EL1 series has an asymmetrical housing and a reinforced steel keeper/latch. The non-adjustable keeper is much more durable than adjustable versions. This model of the electric strike should be energized with 12 VAC. | |
 | HD-TVI TURBO HD 4.0 Camera: Hikvision DS-2CE16D0T-VFIR3E M75634 has been designed for use in CCTV systems based on HD-TVI DVRs. The camera provides 1080p video. With high sensitivity (0.01 lx) and built-in IR illuminator made in EXIR technology with range up to 40 m, the camera ensures high quality image in low light or even no-light conditions. | |
Worth reading
SatNet 4.0.1 - designing fiber-optic SMATV systems. The ability to transmit television signals over long distances without the need to regenerate them is one of the most important advantages of fiber optic systems. In the case of a fiber-optic trunk, the various sizes of facilities in which the signals are to be distributed do not cause technical problems. The signals can be easily transmitted both over hundreds of meters and tens of kilometers without a need for additional equipment. This significantly simplifies the deployment of signal distribution systems in large buildings. The newest version of SatNet 4 application has been extended with elements of TERRA fiber-optic solutions. Below, we show an example of an SMATV system combining fiber-optic and copper elements, designed with the use of the SatNet 4 software... >>>more
A combined fiber-optic and copper TERRA multiswitch system (click on to see the whole figure)
"Engagingly about Antennas" - summer holiday DIPOL contest
